Jew

/dʤu:/
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Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties: This is the primary definition, referring to a member of the Jewish people, an ethnoreligious group with shared history, culture, and religion (Judaism).
Usage
  • The word "Jew" is a noun used to identify a person's ethnoreligious identity. It is considered the standard, neutral term when used respectfully. However, due to a long history of antisemitism, the word has sometimes been used pejoratively. It is crucial to use the term with respect for individual identity and preference.
  • Capitalization: The word "Jew" is always capitalized, as it refers to a specific people and identity.
Examples
  • Noun:
    • Albert Einstein was a famous Jew who made significant contributions to physics.
    • She is a Jew who observes the Sabbath and other Jewish holidays.
    • The museum exhibit detailed the history of the Jew in medieval Europe.
Advanced Usage
  • "To jew someone down": This is an offensive and antisemitic idiom meaning to bargain with someone in a perceived harsh or unfair manner, based on a harmful stereotype. Its use is strongly discouraged and considered highly derogatory. It is included here solely for recognition and understanding to avoid its use.
    • The phrase "to jew someone down" is based on a bigoted stereotype and should never be used.
Variants and Related Words
  • Jewish (adj): Of, relating to, or characteristic of Jews or Judaism.
    • He comes from a Jewish family.
  • Judaism (n): The monotheistic religion of the Jewish people.
    • Judaism is one of the world's oldest religions.
  • Jewry (n): Jews collectively; the Jewish community.
    • The history of American Jewry is complex.
Synonyms
  • Hebrew (n, historical/archaic): An ancient or historical term for an Israelite; sometimes used poetically or in specific contexts (e.g., "Hebrew Bible"). It is not a direct synonym in modern conversational use.
  • Israelite (n): A member of the ancient Hebrew nation, especially in the pre-exilic period. In modern contexts, it refers specifically to citizens of the State of Israel (who may be Jewish, Arab, or of other backgrounds).
Important Note on Usage
  • The term "Jew" is the correct and accepted noun. Using "Jewish" as a noun (e.g., "He is a Jewish") is grammatically incorrect. "Jewish" is an adjective (e.g., "He is Jewish," "a Jewish person").
  • Sensitivity is paramount. When in doubt about an individual's preference, using "Jewish person" or asking respectfully is appropriate. The term should never be used as a verb or in a derogatory context.
Noun
  1. a person belonging to the worldwide group claiming descent from Jacob (or converted to it) and connected by cultural or religious ties

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