PSA

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Definition

Noun: 1. Prostate-Specific Antigen: A protein produced primarily by cells of the prostate gland. Its primary biological function is to liquefy semen after ejaculation, aiding sperm mobility. In medical diagnostics, the measurement of PSA levels in blood serum is used as a screening tool for prostate conditions.

Usage
  • The PSA test is a common blood test used in men's health screenings.
  • A rising PSA level may prompt a doctor to recommend further investigation.
  • It is important to understand that an elevated PSA is not diagnostic of cancer but indicates a need for more tests.
Advanced Usage
  • Age-Specific PSA Ranges: Medical guidelines often consider different normal PSA ranges based on a man's age.
  • PSA Velocity/Doubling Time: The rate at which PSA levels increase over time (velocity) or the time it takes for the level to double (doubling time) can provide significant clinical information about disease progression.
  • Free PSA vs. Total PSA: The blood test can measure both "free" PSA (unbound) and "total" PSA (free plus protein-bound). The ratio of free PSA to total PSA can help distinguish between benign conditions and prostate cancer.
Variants and Related Words
  • Prostate-Specific Antigen: The full, formal name for PSA.
  • PSA Test/Screening: The common term for the medical blood test that measures PSA levels.
Synonyms
  • Kallikrein-3 (KLK3): The official gene and enzyme name for PSA.
  • Gamma-seminoprotein: An older, alternative name for the protein.
Notes on Meaning

The term "PSA" almost exclusively refers to the Prostate-Specific Antigen protein in modern English usage. It is a specialized medical term. In other contexts, "PSA" is also a common initialism for "Public Service Announcement," but that is a separate and distinct term unrelated to this definition.

Noun
  1. a protein manufactured exclusively by the prostate gland; PSA is produced for the ejaculate where it liquifies the semen and allows sperm cells to swim freely; elevated levels of PSA in blood serum are associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer

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