adenine

Thân thiện

A student examines the structure of adenine in a biology textbook.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A purine base found in DNA and RNA: Adenine is one of the four nucleobases that form the basic building blocks of nucleic acids. In DNA, it pairs specifically with thymine; in RNA, it pairs with uracil.

Usage

• Adenine is a fundamental component of genetic material. It is always discussed in the context of molecular biology, genetics, and biochemistry.
• It is typically used as a countable noun (e.g., an adenine, several adenines).

Examples

• Noun:
  • The sequence of adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine determines genetic information.
  • A point mutation replaced an adenine with a guanine in the gene.

Advanced Usage

• "Adenine residue": Refers to a single adenine unit within a DNA or RNA strand.
  • The enzyme binds to a specific adenine residue in the promoter region.
• "Adenine nucleotide": Refers to adenine when it is part of a nucleotide, such as adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
  • ATP is an adenine nucleotide that serves as the primary energy currency of the cell.

Variants and Related Words

• Adenosine (n): A nucleoside composed of adenine and ribose sugar.
  • Adenosine is used in certain heart medications.
• Deoxyadenosine (n): A nucleoside composed of adenine and deoxyribose sugar, found in DNA.
• Adenylate (adj/n): Relating to or derived from adenine (e.g., adenylyl cyclase).

Synonyms

• 6-Aminopurine: The systematic chemical name for adenine.
• A: The standard single-letter abbreviation used in genetics to represent adenine in DNA and RNA sequences.

Related Phrases/Compounds

• Adenine-thymine pair: The specific hydrogen-bonded base pair in DNA.
  • The DNA helix is stabilized by adenine-thymine and guanine-cytosine pairs.
• Adenine-uracil pair: The specific base pair formed in RNA molecules.

Học thuật

Noun

1. (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA; pairs with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA

Từ đồng nghĩa

• a