agnosia
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun: A neurological disorder characterized by the inability to recognize or interpret sensory information (such as objects, sounds, or shapes) despite normally functioning senses (like vision, hearing, or touch). It is a deficit in higher-level perceptual processing.
Usage
Agnosia is a medical and psychological term. It is typically used in clinical, neurological, and academic contexts to describe a specific cognitive impairment. It is often modified by a word specifying the affected sensory modality (e.g., visual agnosia, auditory agnosia).
Examples
- The patient's visual agnosia meant she could see a key perfectly well but could not identify it as a key.
- After the stroke, he developed prosopagnosia, a type of agnosia for faces.
- The neurologist diagnosed the condition as tactile agnosia because the man could feel a coin in his hand but could not name it by touch alone.
Advanced Usage
- Associative Agnosia: A subtype where a person can perceive the shape and features of an object but cannot access its meaning or name.
- Example: In associative visual agnosia, a patient might accurately draw a picture of a hammer but have no idea what it is used for.
- Apperceptive Agnosia: A subtype where a person cannot form a coherent perceptual whole from sensory input.
- Example: A person with apperceptive visual agnosia might see lines and curves but be unable to recognize them as forming a letter.
Variants and Related Words
- Prosopagnosia (n): A specific type of visual agnosia involving the inability to recognize familiar faces.
- Agnosic (adj): Relating to or suffering from agnosia.
- Example: The agnosic patient underwent extensive cognitive testing.
Synonyms
- Recognition deficit
- Perceptual disorder (Note: This is a broader term; agnosia is a specific type of perceptual disorder.)
Related Phrases and Terms
- Neurological deficit: A broader term for any impairment of nervous system function, which includes agnosia.
- Cognitive impairment: A general term for decreased mental function, of which agnosia is one possible manifestation.
Noun
- inability to recognize objects by use of the senses