ahriman

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Definition

Proper noun The spirit of evil, darkness, and destruction in Zoroastrianism, the eternal adversary of Ahura Mazda (Ormazd), the supreme deity of light and goodness.

Usage

"Ahriman" is used as a proper name for the personified force of evil in the Zoroastrian religion. It is typically used in religious, historical, and philosophical contexts when discussing dualistic cosmologies.

Examples
  • In Zoroastrian cosmology, Ahriman seeks to corrupt the good creation of Ahura Mazda.
  • The prophet Zoroaster taught that human beings must choose to align with the forces of good against Ahriman.
  • Some ancient texts describe Ahriman as the source of all death, disease, and deceit.
Advanced Usage
  • In a metaphorical or literary context, "Ahriman" can be used to personify a principle of absolute evil or negation.
    • The poet saw the war not just as a political conflict, but as a cosmic struggle where the Ahriman of hatred battled the spirit of compassion.
Variants and Related Words
  • Angra Mainyu: The Avestan (ancient Iranian language) name for Ahriman, meaning "Destructive Spirit" or "Evil Spirit." This is the original term from the sacred texts.
  • Ahura Mazda (or Ormazd): The supreme deity of wisdom, light, and truth, and the eternal opponent of Ahriman.
Synonyms
  • The Devil
  • Satan
  • The Adversary
  • The Destructive Spirit (translation of Angra Mainyu)

Note: While "Satan" or "the Devil" are functional synonyms in comparative religious discussion, they originate from Abrahamic traditions (Judaism, Christianity, Islam), whereas "Ahriman" is specific to Zoroastrianism.

Related Concepts and Phrases
  • Cosmic Dualism: The theological concept, central to Zoroastrianism, of two opposing fundamental forces (good/evil, light/darkness) embodied by Ahura Mazda and Ahriman.
  • The Lie (Druj): In Zoroastrianism, this is the fundamental evil promoted by Ahriman, opposed by "Truth" or "Order" (Asha).
  • Archrival: Ahriman is described as the archrival or archenemy of Ahura Mazda.
Noun
  1. the spirit of evil in Zoroastrianism; arch rival of Ormazd

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