alkaloid

/'ælkəlɔid/

Thân thiện

A scientist examines an alkaloid sample under bright laboratory lights.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A class of naturally occurring organic compounds: An alkaloid is a type of chemical compound that contains nitrogen, is typically basic (alkaline), and is produced by various plants and some other organisms like fungi.
   • Characteristic properties: Alkaloids often have pronounced physiological effects on humans and animals, which is why many are used in medicine or are known for their toxicity.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Morphine and caffeine are both well-known alkaloids.
  • The plant's medicinal properties are due to the presence of a powerful alkaloid.
  • Scientists are studying a new alkaloid for its potential therapeutic effects.

Advanced Usage

• "Tropane alkaloid": A specific subclass of alkaloids, such as atropine or scopolamine.
  • The deadly nightshade plant contains tropane alkaloids.
• "Indole alkaloid": A large class of alkaloids containing an indole structure, like the drug reserpine.
  • Many indole alkaloids have been isolated from the vinca plant.

Variants and Related Words

• Alkaloidal (adj): Relating to or resembling an alkaloid.
  • The extract showed strong alkaloidal activity.

Synonyms

• Organic base: A general term for nitrogenous bases found in living organisms.
• Plant base: An older, less specific term for alkaloids derived from plants.

Related Phrases and Terms

• "Alkaloid content": Refers to the amount or concentration of alkaloids in a substance.
  • The alkaloid content of this tobacco variety is very high.
• "Alkaloid poisoning": Intoxication caused by the ingestion of toxic alkaloids.
  • The symptoms were consistent with alkaloid poisoning.

Học thuật

Noun

1. natural bases containing nitrogen found in plants