anergy
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- A state of inactivity and lack of energy: A condition characterized by a deficiency in physical or mental vigor.
- A reduction or lack of an immune response to a specific antigen: In immunology, a state in which the immune system fails to mount a response against a particular substance.
Usage Examples
- Noun (Lack of Energy):
- After the long illness, she was overcome by a profound anergy.
- The patient's symptoms included severe depression and anergy.
- Noun (Immunological):
- The vaccine aims to induce anergy in the T-cells specific to the allergen.
- Anergy to self-antigens is a crucial mechanism for preventing autoimmune diseases.
Advanced Usage
- Induced anergy: A state of immune unresponsiveness that is deliberately caused, often in therapeutic contexts.
- Researchers are studying induced anergy as a potential treatment for allergies.
- Clonal anergy: A technical term for the functional inactivation of specific lymphocytes (like T-cells or B-cells).
- Clonal anergy ensures that immune cells reacting to the body's own tissues are rendered harmless.
Variants and Related Words
- Anergic (Adjective): Pertaining to or characterized by anergy.
- The patient was anergic and showed no reaction to the skin test.
Synonyms
- Lethargy: A lack of energy and enthusiasm.
- Lassitude: A state of physical or mental weariness.
- Unresponsiveness: A lack of reaction, especially in an immunological context.
- Tolerance: In immunology, a state of non-reactivity to an antigen.
Notes on Different Meanings
- The first meaning (inactivity, lack of energy) is primarily used in medical and psychological contexts to describe a patient's condition.
- The second meaning (immunological unresponsiveness) is a specialized term used in immunology and medical research. These two meanings are distinct and context-dependent.
Noun
- inactivity and lack of energy
- reduction or lack of an immune response to a specific antigen