angina

/æn'dʤainə/

Thân thiện

A patient describes a feeling of angina to their doctor.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A heart condition marked by paroxysms of chest pain due to reduced oxygen to the heart: A medical condition characterized by sudden, severe chest pain, often radiating to the shoulders, arms, or neck, caused by an inadequate blood supply to the heart muscle.
   • Any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain: A severe, cramp-like pain in the throat or chest, often associated with difficulty swallowing or breathing.

Usage Examples

• Noun (Heart Condition):
  • The patient was admitted to the hospital with unstable angina.
  • Exercise can sometimes trigger an attack of angina.
• Noun (Throat Condition):
  • Ludwig's angina is a serious bacterial infection of the floor of the mouth.
  • The term "angina" is also used historically for severe sore throats, like quinsy.

Advanced Usage

• "Angina pectoris": The full medical term for chest pain due to coronary heart disease. It is often shortened to just "angina" in common medical usage.
  • His diagnosis was angina pectoris, requiring medication and lifestyle changes.
• Used to specify types based on cause or pattern (e.g., stable angina, variant angina, microvascular angina).

Variants and Related Words

• Anginal (adj): Relating to or characteristic of angina.
  • The patient reported anginal pain after climbing stairs.
• Angiogram (n): An X-ray test that uses dye to view the heart's blood vessels, often used to diagnose the cause of angina.
• Ischemia (n): The underlying condition of reduced blood flow, which causes angina.

Synonyms

• Chest pain: A general term for discomfort in the chest, which can have many causes, including angina.
• Ischemic heart disease: The broader disease category that often includes angina as a symptom.
• Throat spasm: A description related to the non-cardiac meaning of severe throat pain.

Related Phrases

• "Angina attack": A specific episode or paroxysm of angina pain.
  • He carried nitroglycerin to use during an angina attack.
• "Refractory angina": Angina that does not respond adequately to standard medical treatments.

Notes on Meaning

• In modern clinical English, "angina" most commonly refers to the cardiac condition (angina pectoris). The use for a throat condition is now largely historical or found in specific compound terms (e.g., Ludwig's angina).
• It is a symptom of an underlying problem (like coronary artery disease), not a disease itself. The pain is a warning sign that the heart muscle is not getting enough oxygen.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a heart condition marked by paroxysms of chest pain due to reduced oxygen to the heart
2. any disease of the throat or fauces marked by spasmodic attacks of intense suffocative pain

Từ đồng nghĩa

• angina pectoris