Definition

1. Proper noun:
   • A secret terrorist society in the United States early in the 20th century: "Black Hand" refers to a criminal organization, primarily composed of Italian and Sicilian immigrants, which was active in the United States (and other countries) in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It was known for using extortion, threats, and violence, often through the sending of menacing letters demanding money.

Usage Examples

• Proper noun:
  • The local businessman received a letter from the Black Hand demanding protection money.
  • Police investigations intensified to combat the activities of the Black Hand in major cities.

Advanced Usage

• Historical Context: The term "Black Hand" is often used historically to describe this specific extortion racket. It is sometimes conflated with or seen as a precursor to organized crime syndicates like the Mafia.
  • The methods of the Black Hand influenced later organized crime structures.

Variants and Related Words

• Blackhander (noun, historical): A member of the Black Hand society.
  • The captured blackhander refused to name his associates.

Synonyms

• Extortion ring: A group that obtains money through threats.
• Secret society: A club or organization whose activities and inner workings are concealed from non-members.

Related Phrases

• To receive a black hand letter: To be targeted with an extortion note, historically of the style used by this society.
  • Several shopkeepers lived in fear of receiving a black hand letter.

Notes on Meaning

• This term is almost exclusively used in a historical context. It should not be confused with the modern Spanish phrase "Mano Negra" or other unrelated uses.
• The "Black Hand" was not a single, unified organization but rather a name given to a pattern of criminal activity and loose associations.

Noun

1. a secret terrorist society in the United States early in the 20th century