cường toan
Definition
- Noun (Chemistry):
- Strong acid: A highly corrosive acid that completely or nearly completely ionizes (dissociates) in an aqueous solution, resulting in a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H⁺). This term is an older, more literary or formal Vietnamese term for this concept.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Axit sulfuric là một loại cường toan. (Sulfuric acid is a type of strong acid.)
- Phòng thí nghiệm xử lý cường toan phải có quy định an toàn nghiêm ngặt. (Laboratories handling strong acids must have strict safety regulations.)
Advanced Usage
- The term "cường toan" is considered somewhat archaic or formal in modern scientific Vietnamese. In contemporary technical contexts, the word "axit mạnh" is more commonly used.
- Trong giáo trình hiện đại, thuật ngữ "axit mạnh" được dùng phổ biến hơn "cường toan". (In modern textbooks, the term "strong acid" is used more commonly than "cường toan".)
Variants and Related Words
- Axit mạnh (n): The modern, standard term for "strong acid".
- Axit yếu (n): Weak acid.
- Bazơ mạnh (n): Strong base.
- Chất ăn mòn (n): Corrosive substance.
Synonyms
- Strong acid: The direct English equivalent.
- Mineral acid: Often refers to strong inorganic acids like sulfuric or nitric acid.
Related Scientific Concepts
- pH: A measure of acidity. Strong acids typically have very low pH values (e.g., pH < 3).
- Ionization: The process by which an acid molecule dissociates into ions in water. Strong acids undergo complete ionization.
- Corrosive: A key property of strong acids, meaning they can cause severe damage to living tissue or materials.