Definition

Noun: An electrical component that stores electrical energy in an electric field. It is characterized by its ability to hold an electric charge. A capacitor typically consists of two conductive plates separated by an insulating material (dielectric).

Usage

A capacitor is used in electronic circuits to store charge, block direct current while allowing alternating current to pass, filter signals, and stabilize voltage.

Examples

• The circuit diagram shows a capacitor connected across the power supply to smooth the voltage.
• You need to discharge the capacitor safely before working on the amplifier.
• The value of this capacitor is 100 microfarads.

Advanced Usage

• "To charge a capacitor": To connect it to a voltage source, causing one plate to accumulate positive charge and the other negative charge.
  • It takes a few seconds to fully charge the capacitor.
• "The capacitor discharges": It releases its stored electrical energy when a conductive path is provided between its plates.
  • When the switch is closed, the capacitor discharges through the resistor.

Variants and Related Words

• Capacitance (n): The ability of a capacitor to store an electrical charge, measured in farads (F).
  • This capacitor has a very high capacitance.
• Capacitive (adj): Relating to or possessing capacitance.
  • The touchscreen works on a capacitive sensing principle.

Synonyms

• Condenser: An older, less common term for a capacitor, still used in some contexts like automotive systems.

Related Phrases

• Filter capacitor: A capacitor used specifically to remove unwanted frequencies or ripple from a power supply.
  • The hum was eliminated by replacing the old filter capacitor.
• Decoupling capacitor: A capacitor used to isolate one part of a circuit from another, often to suppress noise.
  • A decoupling capacitor should be placed near the power pins of the integrated circuit.

Noun

1. an electrical device characterized by its capacity to store an electric charge