cay cực
Adjective: - Bitter and humiliating; wretched; miserable: Describes a state of extreme suffering, hardship, or distress that is deeply felt as both painful and degrading. It conveys a sense of profound bitterness and humiliation resulting from harsh circumstances.
- Adjective:
- Cuộc sống của họ sau chiến tranh thật cay cực. (Their life after the war was truly bitter and humiliating.)
- Anh ấy đã trải qua những ngày tháng cay cực nhất. (He went through the most wretched days.)
- Nỗi cay cực ấy in sâu trong ký ức cô. (That bitter humiliation is deeply etched in her memory.)
"sống trong cay cực": to live in wretchedness/misery.
- Gia đình ông ấy đã phải sống trong cay cực suốt nhiều năm. (His family had to live in wretchedness for many years.)
"nếm trải cay cực": to experience bitterness and hardship.
- Họ đã nếm trải đủ mọi cay cực của cuộc đời. (They have tasted all the bitterness and hardship of life.)
Cay đắng (adj): Bitter (often emotionally). Focuses more on the feeling of bitterness rather than the combined sense of bitterness and humiliation.
- Một kết thúc cay đắng. (A bitter ending.)
Cực khổ (adj): Hard, arduous, full of hardship. Emphasizes physical difficulty and toil more than the emotional humiliation.
- Công việc cực khổ. (Arduous work.)
- Khổ cực: Hard, full of suffering and toil.
- Đau khổ: Painful, sorrowful.
- Tủi nhục: Humiliating, shameful (emphasizes the shame aspect).
Cay nghiệt: (Often describes fate or circumstances) Cruel, harsh, and bitter.
- Số phận cay nghiệt. (A cruel fate.)
Cay cú: (Colloquial) Feeling bitter, resentful, or sore (often after a loss or failure).
- Thua trận, anh ta cảm thấy rất cay cú. (After losing the match, he felt very bitter and resentful.)
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Bitter and humiliating
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nỗi cay cực của người dân mất nướcthe bitter and humiliating plight of a citizen of a foreign-dominated country
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