centrosome
Definition
Noun: * Centrosome: A small, non-membrane-bound organelle located near the nucleus in the cytoplasm of an animal cell. It serves as the main microtubule-organizing center (MTOC), playing a crucial role in organizing the microtubules of the cytoskeleton and forming the spindle apparatus during cell division.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- The centrosome duplicates during the S phase of the cell cycle.
- In animal cells, the centrosome is essential for proper chromosome segregation.
- Researchers studied the protein composition of the centrosome.
Advanced Usage
- "Centrosome cycle": The series of events involving the duplication and separation of the centrosome, which is tightly coordinated with the cell cycle.
- Disruption of the centrosome cycle can lead to genomic instability.
- "Centrosome amplification": A condition where a cell contains more than two centrosomes, which is a common feature in many cancer cells.
- Centrosome amplification is often associated with defective mitosis.
Variants and Related Words
- Centriole (noun): A cylindrical organelle, composed of microtubules, found within the centrosome. Most animal cell centrosomes contain a pair of centrioles.
- Each centriole is made of nine triplets of microtubules.
- Microtubule-organizing center (MTOC) (noun): The broader functional term for a cellular structure that nucleates and anchors microtubules; the centrosome is the primary MTOC in animal cells.
- The spindle poles function as microtubule-organizing centers during mitosis.
Synonyms
- Microtubule-organizing center (MTOC): (Functional synonym) Refers to its primary role.
- Cell center: (An older, less specific term).
Related Phrases and Concepts
- "Centrosome function": Refers to its roles in microtubule nucleation, spindle formation, and cell polarity.
- The paper investigates centrosome function in neuronal development.
- "Centrosome separation": The process by which the two duplicated centrosomes move to opposite poles of the cell during prophase.
- Motor proteins are required for proper centrosome separation.
Noun
-
small region of cytoplasm adjacent to the nucleus; contains the centrioles and serves to organize the microtubules
Khám phá thêm
Các từ liên quan
Từ đồng nghĩa
Từ gần giống
Từ có nhắc đến "centrosome"
