chloroplast

/'klɔrəplæst/

Thân thiện

A student observes chloroplasts through a microscope in biology class.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A specialized organelle in plant cells and some algae: A chloroplast is a type of plastid that contains the green pigment chlorophyll and other pigments. It is the site where photosynthesis occurs, converting light energy into chemical energy (sugars).

Examples of Usage

• Noun:
  • The chloroplast is essential for a plant's ability to produce its own food.
  • Under the microscope, you can see the chloroplasts moving within the cell.
  • Chloroplasts contain their own DNA, similar to mitochondria.

Advanced Usage

• "Chloroplast genome": Refers to the circular DNA molecule contained within a chloroplast, which is separate from the nuclear DNA of the cell.
  • Scientists study the chloroplast genome to understand plant evolution.
• "Chloroplast membrane": Refers to the double membrane envelope that surrounds the chloroplast.
  • The transport of molecules across the chloroplast membrane is tightly regulated.

Variants and Related Words

• Chloroplastic (adj): Pertaining to or of the nature of a chloroplast.
  • The study focused on chloroplastic proteins.
• Chlorophyll (n): The green pigment found in chloroplasts that captures light energy for photosynthesis. (This is a key component a chloroplast, not a variant of the word itself).
• Plastid (n): A general category of organelles in plant cells, which includes chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and amyloplasts.

Synonyms

• Photosynthetic organelle: A descriptive term highlighting its primary function.
• Chlorophyll body: An older, less precise term.

Related Phrases

(Note: As a specific scientific noun, 'chloroplast' does not form phrasal verbs or common idiomatic phrases. Its usage is primarily technical.)

• "Chloroplast development": The process by which chloroplasts form and mature.
  • Light is a crucial signal for chloroplast development.
• "Chloroplast inheritance": Refers to the pattern of genetic transmission of chloroplast DNA, which is often maternal in many plants.
  • The unique pattern of chloroplast inheritance is used in plant genetic studies.

Học thuật

Noun

1. plastid containing chlorophyll and other pigments; in plants that carry out photosynthesis