cytokinin

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cytokinin

A scientist adds cytokinin to a plant tissue culture.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • A class of plant hormones: Cytokinins are a specific group of plant hormones (phytohormones).
    • Promotes cell division: Their primary function is to stimulate and regulate cell division (cytokinesis) in plant roots and shoots.
    • Delays leaf senescence: They work to slow down the aging process in leaves, helping them stay green and functional for longer.
Usage Examples
  • Noun:
    • The application of cytokinin to the plant tissue culture medium encouraged rapid cell proliferation.
    • Scientists are studying how cytokinins interact with auxins to control plant growth.
    • One effect of cytokinin is the delay of leaf yellowing.
Advanced Usage

  • "Cytokinin-to-auxin ratio": A critical concept in plant biology referring to the balance between these two hormones, which determines whether plant cells form roots or shoots.

    • The cytokinin-to-auxin ratio in the medium dictates the developmental fate of the callus.

  • "Cytokinin signaling pathway": The series of molecular events by which a plant cell detects and responds to the presence of cytokinins.

    • Mutations in the receptor can disrupt the entire cytokinin signaling pathway.
Variants and Related Words
  • Cytokinin (adj. form: cytokinin): The word itself is primarily used as a noun. The related adjective is often "cytokinin-related" or "cytokinin-like".
  • Kinetin: A specific, synthetic type of cytokinin often used in laboratory experiments.
  • Zeatin: A natural cytokinin found in plants like corn.
Synonyms
  • Phytohormone / Plant hormone: A broader term for any hormone produced by plants, including cytokinins, auxins, and gibberellins.
  • Growth regulator: A substance that controls the growth processes of a plant.
Notes on Meaning
  • Cytokinins are specifically named for their role in cytokinesis (cell division). They are not general growth promoters but have very specific functions related to cell division and senescence.
  • They often work in opposition or concert with other hormones like auxin (which promotes cell elongation) and abscisic acid (which promotes senescence and stress responses).
cytokinin

A scientist adds cytokinin to a plant tissue culture.

Noun
  1. any of a class of plant hormones that promote cell division and delay the senescence of leaves

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