dielectric
Definition
- Noun:
- An insulating material: A substance that does not conduct electricity, or has very low electrical conductivity, and can therefore support an electrostatic field. It is characterized by its ability to be polarized by an applied electric field.
- A non-conductor: A material that is a poor conductor of electric current, often used to separate or insulate conductive parts in electrical components.
Examples of Usage
- Noun:
- Porcelain is an excellent dielectric used in high-voltage insulators.
- The capacitor's performance depends on the properties of the dielectric material between its plates.
- Air can act as a dielectric, but its breakdown voltage is relatively low.
Advanced Usage
- "Dielectric constant" (or permittivity): A numerical measure of a material's ability to polarize and store electrical energy in an electric field.
- The dielectric constant of water is unusually high.
- "Dielectric strength": The maximum electric field a material can withstand without breaking down (i.e., without starting to conduct electricity).
- Engineers test the dielectric strength of insulating materials.
- "Dielectric loss": The dissipation of energy as heat in a dielectric material subjected to a changing electric field.
- Minimizing dielectric loss is crucial for efficient high-frequency circuits.
Variants and Related Words
- Dielectrics (n, plural): The plural form, referring to multiple dielectric materials or types.
- Different dielectrics are chosen for capacitors based on their application.
- Dielectricity (n, rare): The state or property of being a dielectric.
- Non-conductor (n): A more general synonym for a material that does not conduct electricity or heat well.
Synonyms
- Insulator: A material that resists the flow of electric current or heat.
- Non-conductor: A substance that does not readily allow the passage of heat or sound or, especially, electricity.
Related Phrases and Compounds
- Dielectric breakdown: The failure of a dielectric material to insulate, resulting in it becoming conductive.
- A voltage surge caused dielectric breakdown in the component.
- Dielectric polarization: The displacement of positive and negative charge within a dielectric when an external electric field is applied.
Noun
-
a material such as glass or porcelain with negligible electrical or thermal conductivity
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