empirical

/em'pirikəl/
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empirical

An astronomer records empirical data through a telescope.

Definition
  1. Adjective:
    • Based on observation or experience rather than theory or pure logic: Describes knowledge, data, or methods that are derived from direct sensory experience, experiment, or observation of the world.
    • Relying on practical experience without theoretical knowledge: In a historical or specific context, it can describe an approach, especially in medicine, that relies on practical results or observed effects rather than scientific understanding.
Usage

The word "empirical" is primarily used as an adjective to modify nouns like evidence, data, research, study, or approach. It describes information or methods grounded in real-world observation.

Examples
  • Adjective:
    • Scientists need empirical evidence to support their hypotheses.
    • The study's conclusions were based on empirical data collected over ten years.
    • Her approach was purely empirical; she learned the craft through trial and error.
Advanced Usage
  • Empirically (adverb): In a way that is based on observation or experience.
    • The hypothesis was empirically tested and verified.
  • Empirical research: A specific type of investigation that collects data through observation or experiment.
    • The paper is a report on empirical research into consumer behavior.
Variants and Related Words
  • Empiricism (noun): The philosophical theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience.
    • The philosopher was a proponent of empiricism.
  • Empiricist (noun): A person who supports or practices empiricism.
    • As an empiricist, she trusts data over intuition.
Synonyms
  • Observational: Based on observing.
  • Experimental: Based on experiment.
  • Experiential: Involving or based on experience.
Antonyms
  • Theoretical: Based on theory rather than practice or observation.
  • Hypothetical: Based on a suggested idea or theory rather than fact.
  • Speculative: Based on conjecture rather than knowledge.
empirical

An astronomer records empirical data through a telescope.

Adjective
  1. relying on medical quackery
    • empiric treatment
  2. derived from experiment and observation rather than theory
    • an empirical basis for an ethical theory
    • empirical laws
    • empirical data
    • an empirical treatment of a disease about which little is known

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