endothermic
/,endou'θə:məl/ Cách viết khác : (endothermic) /,endou'θə:mik/
Definition
- Adjective:
- (Chemistry) Absorbing heat: Describes a chemical reaction or process that takes in heat from its surroundings. The system gains thermal energy.
- (Biology) Warm-blooded: Describes animals (endotherms) that maintain a constant, high body temperature primarily through internal metabolic processes, such as mammals and birds. Note: This meaning is more common in biology, while the chemistry definition is primary.
Usage
- The term endothermic is used to describe processes where energy enters a system as heat.
- In chemistry, it is the opposite of exothermic.
- In biology, it is the opposite of ectothermic (cold-blooded).
Examples
- Chemistry Context:
- The melting of ice is an endothermic process because it requires heat from the environment.
- The reaction between barium hydroxide and ammonium chloride is highly endothermic, causing the temperature to drop dramatically.
- Biology Context:
- Humans are endothermic organisms, capable of regulating their own body temperature.
- The endothermic nature of birds allows them to be active in cold climates.
Advanced Usage
- "Endothermic reaction": A specific chemical reaction that absorbs heat energy from its surroundings.
- In an endothermic reaction, the products have more energy than the reactants.
- "Endothermic animal": An animal that generates heat internally to maintain its body temperature.
- An endothermic animal has a higher metabolic rate than an ectotherm of similar size.
Variants and Related Words
- Endotherm (n): A warm-blooded animal.
- Mammals and birds are classified as endotherms.
- Endothermically (adv): In an endothermic manner.
- The compound decomposed endothermically.
- Endothermicity (n): The condition or property of being endothermic.
- Scientists measured the endothermicity of the phase change.
Synonyms
- Heat-absorbing: (Chemistry) Taking in thermal energy.
- Endergonic: (A related but distinct term in thermodynamics, referring to a process that absorbs free energy, not necessarily as heat).
- Warm-blooded: (Biology) Maintaining a constant body temperature through internal means.
Antonyms
- Exothermic: (Chemistry) Releasing heat.
- Ectothermic: (Biology) Cold-blooded; relying on external environmental heat sources.
Adjective
-
(of a chemical reaction or compound) occurring or formed with absorption of heat
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