galactose
/gə'læktous/
Definition
- Noun:
- A simple sugar found in lactose: Galactose is a monosaccharide (a simple sugar) that is a component of the disaccharide lactose, which is found in milk.
Usage
- Galactose is a specific type of sugar. It is often discussed in the context of biochemistry, nutrition, and food science.
- It is commonly mentioned alongside glucose, as they combine to form lactose.
Examples
- Noun:
- Galactose is less sweet than glucose.
- Lactose is broken down into glucose and galactose during digestion.
- Some individuals have a genetic condition called galactosemia, where they cannot metabolize galactose.
Advanced Usage
- "Galactose metabolism": Refers to the biochemical pathways the body uses to process and utilize galactose.
- Disorders in galactose metabolism can lead to serious health issues.
Variants and Related Words
- Galactosemia (n): A rare genetic metabolic disorder affecting the body's ability to process galactose.
- Galactoside (n): A glycoside derived from galactose.
Synonyms
- Monosaccharide: A simple sugar that cannot be hydrolyzed to give a simpler sugar; galactose is one type.
- Hexose: A monosaccharide with six carbon atoms; both glucose and galactose are hexoses.
Related Phrases and Compounds
- Galactose intolerance: Difficulty digesting galactose, often related to broader issues with lactose.
- D-galactose: The specific, naturally occurring form (stereoisomer) of galactose.
Noun
-
a simple sugar found in lactose
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