hydrogenation

/,haidrədʤi'neiʃn/

Thân thiện

Food producers use hydrogenation to keep fat from becoming rancid.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated compound: Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H₂) and another compound or element, typically in the presence of a catalyst. It is most commonly used to convert unsaturated fats and oils (which have double bonds) into more saturated fats (which have single bonds).

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • The hydrogenation of vegetable oils makes them more solid at room temperature.
  • Partial hydrogenation can create trans fats, which are unhealthy.
  • The chemical plant specializes in the hydrogenation of various organic compounds.

Advanced Usage

• Catalytic hydrogenation: This refers to hydrogenation that uses a catalyst, such as nickel, palladium, or platinum, to facilitate the reaction.
  • Catalytic hydrogenation is a key step in many industrial chemical syntheses.

Variants and Related Words

• Hydrogenate (verb): To subject to hydrogenation.
  • Food manufacturers hydrogenate oils to increase their shelf life.
• Hydrogenated (adjective): Describing a substance that has undergone hydrogenation.
  • Hydrogenated oils are common in processed foods.
• Dehydrogenation (noun): The chemical process of removing hydrogen from a compound, the reverse of hydrogenation.

Synonyms

• Saturation (in a chemical context): The process of making a compound saturated by adding hydrogen or other atoms.
• Hardening (specifically for fats and oils): A common industrial term for the hydrogenation of oils to make them more solid.

Related Phrases and Contexts

• Partial hydrogenation: A process where not all double bonds are saturated with hydrogen, which can lead to the formation of trans fats.
  • Many countries have banned partially hydrogenated oils due to health concerns.
• Complete hydrogenation: A process where all double bonds are converted to single bonds, resulting in a fully saturated fat.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a chemical process that adds hydrogen atoms to an unsaturated oil
   • food producers use hydrogenation to keep fat from becoming rancid