hydrous
/'haidrəs/
Definition
- Adjective:
- Containing water; especially containing water that is chemically combined: The term "hydrous" describes a substance, typically a mineral or chemical compound, that contains water molecules as part of its structure. This water is often bound in a specific, stoichiometric ratio, such as in crystalline hydrates.
Usage
- "Hydrous" is primarily used in scientific contexts, especially in chemistry, geology, and materials science, to specify that a material incorporates water into its composition.
- It is the opposite of "anhydrous," which means without water.
Examples
- Adjective:
- Gypsum is a hydrous calcium sulfate mineral.
- The chemist analyzed the hydrous compound to determine its water content.
- This hydrous form of the oxide is less stable when heated.
Advanced Usage
- "Hydrous conditions": Refers to an environment or state where water is present or incorporated.
- The reaction proceeds differently under hydrous conditions.
- In mineralogy, "hydrous" often appears in mineral names (e.g., hydrous aluminosilicate) to indicate the presence of hydroxyl (OH) ions or water molecules within the crystal lattice.
Variants and Related Words
- Anhydrous (adj): Without water.
- Anhydrous ammonia is used as a fertilizer.
- Hydrate (n/verb): A compound containing water molecules; to combine with water.
- Copper sulfate pentahydrate is a blue crystalline solid.
- The process will hydrate the powder.
- Dehydrate (verb): To remove water from.
- Heat will dehydrate the hydrous salt.
Synonyms
- Water-containing
- Hydrated (Note: While similar, "hydrated" often implies the act of combining with water or the state of being a hydrate, whereas "hydrous" is a more general descriptive term for containing water.)
Antonyms
- Anhydrous
- Dry
- Dehydrated
Adjective
-
containing combined water (especially water of crystallization as in a hydrate)
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