incapacity

/,inkə'pæsiti/ Cách viết khác : (incapableness) /in'keipəblnis/

Thân thiện

The patient's incapacity requires constant care from a nurse.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Lack of physical or natural qualifications: The state of being unable to do something due to a physical or inherent deficiency.
   • Lack of intellectual power: The state of being mentally incapable or lacking the cognitive ability to understand or perform tasks.
   • (Legal) Lack of legal qualification or competence: The state of not having the legal ability or authority to perform a specific act, such as making a contract or standing for election.

Examples of Usage

• General Usage:
  • His physical incapacity prevented him from climbing the stairs. (His inability due to a physical condition stopped him from climbing the stairs.)
  • The patient's mental incapacity required the appointment of a legal guardian. (The patient's lack of cognitive ability made it necessary to assign a legal guardian.)
• Legal Usage:
  • The court ruled on his incapacity to manage his own financial affairs. (The court made a decision about his legal incompetence in handling his own money.)
  • His conviction resulted in an incapacity to hold public office. (His criminal conviction led to a legal disqualification from holding a government position.)

Advanced Usage

• "incapacity benefit": (in some social security systems) a state payment made to those unable to work due to illness or disability.
  • He has been receiving incapacity benefit since his accident.
• "judicial determination of incapacity": a formal legal finding by a court that a person lacks the competence to make decisions.
  • The judicial determination of incapacity was necessary to protect her assets.

Variants and Related Words

• Incapable (adjective): Lacking the ability, fitness, or qualification for a purpose.
  • He was deemed incapable of making rational decisions.
• Incapably (adverb): In an incapable manner.
• Incapableness (noun): A synonym for incapacity, meaning the state of being incapable. (This is an older or less common variant).

Synonyms

• Inability: Lack of the means or skill to do something.
• Incompetence: Lack of skill or ability to do something successfully.
• Disqualification: A condition that makes someone ineligible for something.
• Disability: A physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities.

Antonyms

• Capacity: The ability or power to do or understand something.
• Capability: The power or ability to do something.
• Competence: The ability to do something successfully or efficiently.
• Fitness: The quality of being suitable or qualified.

Related Phrases

• Legal incapacity: The status of a person who lacks the legal ability to act (e.g., a minor, a person declared mentally incompetent).
  • A contract signed by a person under legal incapacity may be voidable.
• Mental incapacity: A deficiency in cognitive function that impairs decision-making.
  • The will was contested on the grounds of the testator's mental incapacity.

Học thuật

Noun

1. lack of physical or natural qualifications
2. lack of intellectual power