inertia

/i'nə:ʃjə/
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inertia

A physics textbook shows a diagram of a soccer ball resting on grass, with an arrow labeled "inertia" pointing from it.

Definition
  1. Noun:
    • (Physics) The tendency of a body to maintain its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. This is a fundamental property of matter described by Newton's first law of motion.
    • A tendency to do nothing or to remain unchanged; a lack of activity or movement. This figurative sense describes a psychological or behavioral resistance to change or action.
Usage and Examples
  • Physics Context:

    • The inertia of the large ship made it difficult to stop quickly.
    • An object in space will continue moving due to inertia unless a force slows it down.
  • Figurative/Behavioral Context:

    • Bureaucratic inertia often delays important projects.
    • She felt a sense of inertia after the long holiday and struggled to start working.
Advanced Usage
  • "Moment of inertia": (Physics) A measure of a body's resistance to angular acceleration about a given axis. It depends on the mass distribution relative to the axis.

    • The moment of inertia of a flywheel allows it to store rotational energy.
  • "Overcome inertia": To force oneself or something to start moving or changing after a period of inactivity.

    • The new manager's energy helped the team overcome its inertia.
  • "Inertia selling": (Commerce) The unethical practice of sending unrequested goods to a person and then demanding payment.

    • Be wary of inertia selling schemes.
Variants and Related Words
  • Inert (adj): Lacking the ability or strength to move; or chemically inactive.

    • The patient lay inert on the bed.
    • Helium is an inert gas.
  • Inertial (adj): Relating to or arising from inertia.

    • The spacecraft uses inertial guidance systems.
Synonyms
  • Physics: Inactivity (in a specific scientific sense), momentum (when in motion).
  • Figurative: Apathy, lethargy, inactivity, stagnation, torpor, idleness.
Antonyms
  • Physics: Responsiveness.
  • Figurative: Activity, energy, movement, action, liveliness.
Related Idioms and Phrases
  • "Force of inertia": Often used to emphasize the powerful, passive resistance to change.

    • The force of institutional inertia prevented the adoption of new methods.
  • "Succumb to inertia": To give in to the feeling of not wanting to act or move.

    • On rainy Sundays, I often succumb to inertia and stay in bed all day.
inertia

A physics textbook shows a diagram of a soccer ball resting on grass, with an arrow labeled "inertia" pointing from it.

Noun
  1. (physics) the tendency of a body to maintain its state of rest or uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force
  2. a disposition to remain inactive or inert
    • he had to overcome his inertia and get back to work