inositol

Thân thiện

A scientist examines a white powder labeled inositol in a laboratory.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A type of sugar alcohol: Inositol is a carbocyclic sugar alcohol that is naturally occurring and is often considered part of the vitamin B complex, though it is not a true vitamin as the body can synthesize it.
   • A biochemical compound: It is an optically inactive substance (meaning it does not rotate plane-polarized light) that plays various roles in cellular processes.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Myo-inositol is the most common stereoisomer of inositol found in nature.
  • The supplement contains a high dose of inositol, which is sometimes used to support metabolic health.
  • Inositol phosphates are important for cell signaling.

Advanced Usage

• "Inositol hexaphosphate" (phytic acid): A common form found in plant seeds, known for its ability to bind minerals.

  • Inositol hexaphosphate in grains can reduce the bioavailability of iron and zinc.

• "Inositol trisphosphate" (IP3): A crucial secondary messenger molecule in cellular signal transduction.

  • The release of calcium from intracellular stores is triggered by inositol trisphosphate.

Variants and Related Words

• Myo-inositol (n): The most prevalent and biologically important form of inositol in mammals.
• D-chiro-inositol (n): Another stereoisomer of inositol involved in insulin signal transduction.
• Inositol phosphate (n): Any of various phosphate esters of inositol, important in cell biology.

Synonyms

• Cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol (technical chemical name)
• Vitamin B8 (a common but technically incorrect designation, as it is not an essential vitamin)

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Inositol lipid (n): A class of lipids containing inositol, such as phosphatidylinositol, which are key components of cell membranes and signaling pathways.

  • Phosphatidylinositol bisphosphate is cleaved to produce second messengers.

• Inositol deficiency (n): A rare condition, typically not dietary, as it is synthesized by the body and found in many foods.

  • True inositol deficiency is uncommon in humans.

Học thuật

Noun

1. an optically inactive alcohol that is a component of the vitamin B complex