ionize
/'iaənaiz/ Cách viết khác : (ionise) /'aiənaiz/
Definition
Verb (transitive):
- To convert an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing one or more electrons.
- To subject a substance to a process that produces ions.
Verb (intransitive):
- To become converted into ions; to dissociate into ions, as a dissolved salt.
Usage
- The verb "ionize" describes a physical or chemical process. It is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in physics and chemistry.
- As a transitive verb, it takes a direct object (e.g., to ionize a gas).
- As an intransitive verb, it describes the process happening to a substance itself (e.g., the gas will ionize).
Examples
- Transitive usage:
- Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can ionize atoms in the upper atmosphere.
- The strong electric field was used to ionize the noble gas.
- Intransitive usage:
- When salt dissolves in water, it tends to ionize.
- The compound did not ionize easily under normal conditions.
Advanced Usage
- "Fully ionize": To remove all electrons from an atom, creating a bare nucleus (a highly energetic process).
- The plasma in the fusion reactor is so hot that the atoms are fully ionized.
- "Partially ionize": To remove only some electrons from an atom or molecule.
- The weak acid only partially ionizes in solution.
Variants and Related Words
- Ionization (noun): The process or result of ionizing.
- The ionization energy of helium is very high.
- Ionized (adjective): Having been converted into ions.
- The detector measures ionized particles.
- Ion (noun): An atom or molecule with a net electric charge.
- Deionize (verb): To remove ions from a substance, especially water.
- The lab uses deionized water for experiments.
Synonyms
- Charge (in a specific context, e.g., "The particle became charged.")
- Dissociate (specifically for ionic compounds in solution, e.g., "The salt dissociates into ions.")
Antonyms
- Neutralize: To combine ions to form a neutral compound.
- Recombine: For ions to come together and form neutral atoms or molecules.
Related Phrases and Concepts
- Ionization chamber: A device for detecting ionizing radiation.
- Ionization potential/energy: The minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.
- Photoionize: To ionize using photons of light.
- High-energy photons can photoionize hydrogen atoms.
Verb
-
convert into ions
-
become converted into ions
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