ionize

/'iaənaiz/ Cách viết khác : (ionise) /'aiənaiz/

Thân thiện

A scientist uses a high-voltage device to ionize the gas inside a sealed glass tube.

Definition

1. Verb (transitive):

   • To convert an atom or molecule into an ion by adding or removing one or more electrons.
   • To subject a substance to a process that produces ions.

2. Verb (intransitive):

   • To become converted into ions; to dissociate into ions, as a dissolved salt.

Usage

• The verb "ionize" describes a physical or chemical process. It is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in physics and chemistry.
• As a transitive verb, it takes a direct object (e.g., to ionize a gas).
• As an intransitive verb, it describes the process happening to a substance itself (e.g., the gas will ionize).

Examples

• Transitive usage:
  • Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can ionize atoms in the upper atmosphere.
  • The strong electric field was used to ionize the noble gas.
• Intransitive usage:
  • When salt dissolves in water, it tends to ionize.
  • The compound did not ionize easily under normal conditions.

Advanced Usage

• "Fully ionize": To remove all electrons from an atom, creating a bare nucleus (a highly energetic process).
  • The plasma in the fusion reactor is so hot that the atoms are fully ionized.
• "Partially ionize": To remove only some electrons from an atom or molecule.
  • The weak acid only partially ionizes in solution.

Variants and Related Words

• Ionization (noun): The process or result of ionizing.
  • The ionization energy of helium is very high.
• Ionized (adjective): Having been converted into ions.
  • The detector measures ionized particles.
• Ion (noun): An atom or molecule with a net electric charge.
• Deionize (verb): To remove ions from a substance, especially water.
  • The lab uses deionized water for experiments.

Synonyms

• Charge (in a specific context, e.g., "The particle became charged.")
• Dissociate (specifically for ionic compounds in solution, e.g., "The salt dissociates into ions.")

Antonyms

• Neutralize: To combine ions to form a neutral compound.
• Recombine: For ions to come together and form neutral atoms or molecules.

Related Phrases and Concepts

• Ionization chamber: A device for detecting ionizing radiation.
• Ionization potential/energy: The minimum energy required to remove an electron from an atom or molecule.
• Photoionize: To ionize using photons of light.
  • High-energy photons can photoionize hydrogen atoms.

Học thuật

Verb

1. convert into ions
2. become converted into ions

Từ đồng nghĩa

• ionise