isosmotic

Thân thiện

A scientist compares two isosmotic solutions in a laboratory.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • (Used of solutions) Having the same or equal osmotic pressure: This term describes two or more solutions that possess identical osmotic pressure. When separated by a semipermeable membrane, there will be no net movement of water (solvent) between them.

Usage Examples

• Adjective:
  • Physiological saline is isosmotic with human blood plasma. (The salt solution has the same osmotic pressure as blood plasma.)
  • For the experiment, we need to prepare an isosmotic sucrose solution. (We need to make a sugar solution with matching osmotic pressure.)
  • The cells were placed in an isosmotic environment to prevent swelling or shrinking. (The surrounding fluid had equal osmotic pressure, so the cells maintained their volume.)

Advanced Usage

• Scientific Context: The term is primarily used in biology, chemistry, and medicine to describe the relationship between fluids, especially across cell membranes.
  • The intravenous fluid must be isosmotic to prevent hemolysis of red blood cells.
• Comparative Form: While "isosmotic" itself denotes equality, one can compare degrees of similarity.
  • Solution A is more nearly isosmotic with the cytoplasm than solution B.

Variants and Related Words

• Isotonic (adj): Often used interchangeably with "isosmotic" in biological contexts, though "isotonic" more specifically implies no net water movement no change in cell volume.
  • An isotonic solution for contact lenses.
• Osmotic (adj): Relating to osmosis.
  • Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
• Hyperosmotic (adj): Having a higher osmotic pressure.
• Hypoosmotic (adj): Having a lower osmotic pressure.

Synonyms

• Isotonic (in many biological contexts)
• Iso-osmotic (alternative spelling)

Antonyms

• Anisosmotic (adj): Having unequal osmotic pressure.
• Hypertonic (adj): (For a solution outside a cell) Having higher osmotic pressure, causing water to leave the cell.
• Hypotonic (adj): (For a solution outside a cell) Having lower osmotic pressure, causing water to enter the cell.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure

Từ đồng nghĩa

• isotonic