isotonic

Thân thiện

An athlete drinks an isotonic sports drink after a workout.

Definition

1. Adjective (Physiology & Biology):

   • Having equal tension: Describes two or more muscles that have the same degree of tension or tone.
   • Involving constant tension: Describes a type of muscular contraction where the muscle tension remains constant while the muscle's length changes, such as when lifting a weight.
   • Having equal osmotic pressure: Describes solutions that have the same concentration of solutes and therefore the same osmotic pressure. When separated by a semipermeable membrane, there is no net movement of water between them.

2. Adjective (Music):

   • Having equal intervals: Relating to a musical scale in which the intervals between successive notes are equal.

Examples of Usage

• Adjective (Physiology/Biology):

  • The physical therapist assessed the patient to ensure their left and right quadriceps were isotonic.
  • Bicep curls are an example of an isotonic exercise, where the muscle contracts while moving a constant load.
  • A 0.9% saline solution is isotonic with human blood plasma, making it safe for intravenous infusion.

• Adjective (Music):

  • Some early music theorists experimented with isotonic scales, though they are not common in Western music.

Advanced Usage

• Isotonic Contraction: This is the standard term for the type of muscle contraction described above. It is subdivided into (muscle shortens) and (muscle lengthens) contractions.
• Isotonic Solution: A core concept in biology and medicine. Cells placed in an isotonic solution will neither gain nor lose water significantly, maintaining their normal shape and function.

Variants and Related Words

• Isotonicity (noun): The state or condition of being isotonic.
  • The isotonicity of the IV fluid is crucial for patient safety.
• Hypertonic (adj): A solution with a higher solute concentration (higher osmotic pressure) than another specified solution.
• Hypotonic (adj): A solution with a lower solute concentration (lower osmotic pressure) than another specified solution.

Synonyms

• For solutions: Iso-osmotic.
• For muscles (equal tension): Equitonic (less common).

Antonyms

• For solutions: Hypertonic, hypotonic.
• For muscle contractions: Isometric (a contraction where muscle tension changes but length remains constant).

Related Phrases/Concepts

• Isotonic sports drink: A beverage formulated to have a similar osmotic pressure to bodily fluids, designed for rapid rehydration and energy replacement.
• Isotonic regression: A statistical and mathematical concept involving fitting a function that is non-decreasing.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. of two or more muscles; having equal tension
2. of or involving muscular contraction in which tension is constant while length changes
3. relating to or characterized by the equal intervals of a musical scale
   • isotonic tuning
4. (used of solutions) having the same or equal osmotic pressure

Từ đồng nghĩa

• isosmotic