Definition

1. Verb:
   • To finalize accounts, to settle accounts: The action of performing the final calculation and closing of accounts, typically at the end of an accounting period (e.g., month, quarter, or fiscal year). It involves summarizing all financial transactions to determine the final balance and financial position.
   • To audit (in specific contexts): In some administrative or official contexts, it can refer to the process of reviewing and verifying financial accounts.

Usage Examples

• Verb:
  • Công ty cần kết toán sổ sách trước ngày 31 tháng 12. (The company needs to finalize the accounts before December 31st.)
  • Phòng kế toán đang tiến hành kết toán quý. (The accounting department is conducting the quarterly account settlement.)
  • Sau khi kết toán, chúng tôi mới biết lợi nhuận thực tế. (Only after settling the accounts did we know the actual profit.)

Advanced Usage

• "kết toán thuế": to finalize tax settlement; to complete tax declaration and payment procedures for a period.
  • Doanh nghiệp phải kết toán thuế thu nhập doanh nghiệp hàng năm. (Enterprises must complete the annual corporate income tax settlement.)
• "báo cáo kết toán": final account report; settlement report.
  • Báo cáo kết toán năm đã được kiểm toán viên phê duyệt. (The annual final account report has been approved by the auditor.)

Variants and Related Words

• Kế toán (n): accountant; accounting (the profession or field).
  • Anh ấy là một kế toán viên. (He is an accountant.)
• Tính toán (v): to calculate; to compute.
  • Chúng tôi cần tính toán chi phí cẩn thận. (We need to calculate the costs carefully.)
• Quyết toán (v): This is a very close synonym, often used interchangeably with "kết toán" in the context of finalizing and settling accounts, especially for tax purposes.
  • Hạn chót cho việc quyết toán thuế là ngày 30 tháng 3. (The deadline for tax finalization is March 30th.)

Synonyms

• Thanh quyết toán: to settle and finalize accounts (a compound term emphasizing the closing aspect).
• Khóa sổ: to close the books (an accounting term for ending an accounting period).

Related Phrases (Collocations)

• Công tác kết toán: the work/task of account finalization.
  • Công tác kết toán cuối năm rất bận rộn. (The year-end account finalization work is very busy.)
• Kỳ kết toán: accounting period; settlement period.
  • Kỳ kết toán của công ty chúng tôi là theo năm dương lịch. (Our company's accounting period follows the calendar year.)

Notes on Usage

• "Kết toán" is primarily a term used in finance, accounting, business, and administrative contexts. It is not used in everyday conversation for general calculation.
• The word often implies an official, final, and comprehensive summarization of financial data.
• While the reference includes "make up accounts," the primary and most accurate sense in modern Vietnamese is the or of accounts, not the initial creation of them.

1. Draw the final balance-sheet (at the end of the financial year) make up accounts