Definition

Noun: 1. The complete set of chromosomes in a cell, typically displayed as a systematic arrangement (photograph or diagram): A karyotype shows the number, size, and shape of chromosomes from a single cell, used to assess chromosomal normality and identify abnormalities.

Usage

A karyotype is a standard tool in cytogenetics. It is created by arresting cells during metaphase, staining the chromosomes, and arranging them in pairs from largest to smallest. The term is used when discussing genetic diagnosis, research, and species classification.

Examples

• Noun:
  • The doctor ordered a karyotype to check for any chromosomal disorders.
  • The laboratory technician analyzed the fetal karyotype from the amniocentesis sample.
  • A human karyotype normally shows 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs.

Advanced Usage

• "To karyotype" (verb, derived usage): The act of determining or analyzing the karyotype of a cell or individual.
  • The cells from the biopsy were cultured and karyotyped to look for genetic anomalies.

Variants and Related Words

• Karyotypic (adjective): Relating to or characteristic of a karyotype.
  • The scientist observed several karyotypic abnormalities.
• Karyogram: A synonym for the visual representation or photograph of the karyotype.
• Cytogenetics: The branch of genetics that studies the structure and function of chromosomes, of which karyotyping is a primary technique.

Synonyms

• Chromosomal analysis
• Chromosomal complement
• Chromosome map (in a specific context)

Different Meanings

The word "karyotype" has a single, specific meaning in biology and genetics. It does not have common idiomatic or figurative uses outside this scientific context.

Noun

1. the appearance of the chromosomal makeup of a somatic cell in an individual or species (including the number and arrangement and size and structure of the chromosomes)