Definition

Proper noun * Lucius Tarquinius Superbus: The seventh and legendary king of Rome, traditionally said to have reigned from 534 to 510 BC. He is characterized as a cruel and tyrannical ruler whose expulsion marked the end of the Roman monarchy and the beginning of the Roman Republic.

Usage Examples

• Proper noun:
  • According to Roman tradition, Lucius Tarquinius Superbus was overthrown in a popular uprising.
  • The tyranny of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus is a foundational story in Roman history.

Advanced Usage

• "Tarquin the Proud": This is the most common English translation and epithet for "Lucius Tarquinius Superbus." The name "Superbus" itself means "proud," "arrogant," or "haughty" in Latin.
  • The rape of Lucretia is said to have triggered the revolt against Tarquin the Proud.

Variants and Related Words

• Tarquin (Proper noun): A shortened, common form used to refer to either Lucius Tarquinius Superbus or his father, Lucius Tarquinius Priscus. Context usually clarifies which king is meant.
  • The last king of Rome was Tarquin.
• Tarquinius (Proper noun): The family name (nomen).
• Superbus (Adjective, Latin): The source of the epithet, meaning "proud."

Synonyms

• Tarquin the Proud: The direct descriptive translation.
• The Last King of Rome: A descriptive title referencing his historical role.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• "To act like a Tarquin": To behave in a despotic or tyrannical manner (a literary or historical allusion, not common in everyday speech).
  • The dictator ruled the small country like a Tarquin.
• "The Expulsion of the Tarquins": Refers to the overthrow of Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and the end of monarchical rule in Rome.
  • The Expulsion of the Tarquins is celebrated as the birth of the Republic.

Noun

1. according to legend, the seventh and last Etruscan king of Rome who was expelled for his cruelty (reigned from 534 to 510 BC)