Definition

Noun: A type of antidepressant medication. MAOIs work by blocking the activity of an enzyme called monoamine oxidase in the brain. This allows certain chemicals (monoamines like serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) to increase, which can help improve mood.

Usage

MAOIs are prescribed by doctors to treat certain types of depression and sometimes other conditions. They are typically used when other antidepressants have not been effective, due to their potency and specific dietary restrictions.

Examples

• The doctor prescribed an MAOI for her treatment-resistant depression.
• Patients taking an MAOI must avoid foods containing tyramine, like aged cheeses.
• MAOIs were among the first antidepressants developed.

Advanced Usage

• Irreversible MAOI: A type of MAOI that permanently deactivates the monoamine oxidase enzyme. The body must produce new enzyme for normal function to return.
• Reversible MAOI (RIMA): A newer type of MAOI that blocks the enzyme temporarily, which generally involves fewer dietary restrictions.

Variants and Related Words

• MAO Inhibitor: The full term for MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor).
• Phenelzine, Tranylcypromine, Isocarboxazid: Examples of specific MAOI drugs.
• Antidepressant: The general category of drugs to which MAOIs belong.

Synonyms

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Antidepressant (specific type)

Notes

CRITICAL WARNING: MAOIs require strict adherence to dietary guidelines and avoidance of certain other medications to prevent a dangerous rise in blood pressure (hypertensive crisis). They should only be taken under close medical supervision.

Noun

1. any of a group of antidepressant drugs that inhibit the action of monoamine oxidase in the brain and so allow monoamines to accumulate