monothelitism
Definition
Noun: * A Christian theological doctrine asserting that Jesus Christ possessed only one divine will, despite having two distinct natures (fully human and fully divine). This doctrine was declared heretical by the Third Council of Constantinople in 681 AD.
Usage
- Monothelitism is used as a historical and theological term to describe a specific Christological controversy within the early Christian Church.
- It is discussed in academic contexts concerning church history, doctrine, and ecumenical councils.
Examples
- The emperor Heraclius promoted Monothelitism in the 7th century in an attempt to reconcile theological divisions.
- The debate over Monothelitism centered on the completeness of Christ's human nature.
- Pope Martin I was exiled for his opposition to Monothelitism.
Advanced Usage
- Adjectival Form: The term Monothelite (or monothelite) is used as both a noun to describe a follower of the doctrine and an adjective (e.g., , ).
- Contrast with Orthodoxy: Monothelitism is typically contrasted with the orthodox Dyothelitism (or Dyotheletism), the doctrine that Christ had two wills (human and divine) corresponding to his two natures.
Variants and Related Words
- Monothelite (noun/adjective): A proponent of, or pertaining to, Monothelitism.
- Dyothelitism (noun): The orthodox doctrine that Christ has two wills.
- Monoenergism (noun): A related, earlier doctrine asserting Christ had a single "energy" or operation, which often preceded Monothelite teachings.
Synonyms
- There are no direct synonyms for this precise historical doctrine. It can be described as a Christological heresy or the one-will doctrine.
Antonyms
- Dyothelitism
- Chalcedonian Orthodoxy (in the specific context of the will(s) of Christ)
Notes
- Monothelitism is derived from the Greek (single, alone) and (will).
- Its condemnation at the Third Council of Constantinople is considered a definitive point in the development of Christological doctrine.
Noun
-
the theological doctrine that Christ had only one will even though he had two natures (human and divine); condemned as heretical in the Third Council of Constantinople
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