myeloma
Noun: A type of malignant tumor that originates in the plasma cells of the bone marrow. Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell responsible for producing antibodies. Myeloma is characterized by the uncontrolled growth of these cells, which can damage bones, impair the production of normal blood cells, and interfere with immune function.
The term "myeloma" is used in medical contexts to refer to this specific cancer of the plasma cells. It is often part of the full disease name "multiple myeloma," which indicates the presence of myeloma cells in multiple sites within the bone marrow.
- The patient was diagnosed with myeloma after experiencing persistent bone pain and fatigue.
- Treatment for myeloma has advanced significantly with the development of new targeted therapies.
- A bone marrow biopsy is often necessary to confirm a diagnosis of myeloma.
- Multiple myeloma: The most common and specific form, where cancerous plasma cells are found in many bones.
- Plasma cell myeloma: A synonymous term emphasizing the cell of origin.
- Solitary plasmacytoma: A related, less common condition where a single tumor of plasma cells is found in either bone or soft tissue; it can sometimes develop into multiple myeloma.
- Myelomatous (adjective): Pertaining to or affected by myeloma.
- The biopsy showed myelomatous involvement of the bone.
- Myelomatosis: An older, less frequently used term for multiple myeloma.
- Plasma cell myeloma
- Multiple myeloma (for the most common form)
- Kahler's disease (an historical eponym)
Myeloma is distinct from other bone marrow cancers like leukemia or lymphoma, as it specifically involves the uncontrolled proliferation of antibody-producing plasma cells. Its effects include bone lesions, anemia, kidney problems, and increased susceptibility to infections due to impaired immune function.
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a tumor of the bone marrow (usually malignant) composed of cells normally found in bone marrow
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