măng-sông

Người thợ mỏ cầm chiếc đèn măng-sông để soi đường trong hầm tối.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • Mantle: A tubular mesh sleeve, typically made of fabric impregnated with rare-earth salts (like thorium or cerium oxide), which is placed over a flame in a fuel-burning lamp to produce a bright, incandescent light.
   • Mantle lamp: A lamp (e.g., a gasoline or kerosene lamp) that uses such a mantle to produce light.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Đèn dầu hỏa này dùng măng-sông nên rất sáng. (This kerosene lamp uses a mantle so it is very bright.)
  • Măng-sông cũ cần được thay thế. (The old mantle needs to be replaced.)
  • Ánh sáng từ đèn măng-sông rất trắng và mạnh. (The light from the mantle lamp is very white and strong.)

Advanced Usage

• The term is a loanword from the French "manchon", directly referring to the gas mantle invented in the late 19th century.
• It is specifically associated with pressure lamps (e.g., , ) that vaporize liquid fuel to create a bright, steady flame heating the mantle.

Variants and Related Words

• Đèn măng-sông (n): Mantle lamp, pressure lamp.
  • Đèn măng-sông rất hữu ích khi cắm trại. (The mantle lamp is very useful when camping.)

Synonyms

• Gas mantle: The English technical term for the device.
• Incandescent mantle: Another descriptive term.
• Mantle lamp: The complete lamp assembly.

Notes on Usage

• The word "măng-sông" is almost exclusively used in the context of historical or specialized lighting technology. In modern everyday language, it is less common, replaced by terms for electric lights.
• It is a fixed noun; it does not function as a verb or adjective.