nitric

/'naitrik/

Thân thiện

A scientist carefully pours nitric acid into a beaker.

Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Relating to or containing nitrogen, especially in a high valence state: The term "nitric" specifically describes compounds or substances that contain nitrogen, often referring to nitrogen in its +5 oxidation state.

Usage

• As an adjective modifying a noun: "Nitric" is primarily used to describe chemical compounds containing nitrogen, most notably in the common name for HNO₃.
  • The laboratory uses nitric acid for various etching and cleaning procedures.
  • The formation of nitric oxide in the atmosphere is part of the nitrogen cycle.

Advanced Usage

• In chemical nomenclature: The term is used in systematic and common names for nitrogen compounds.
  • The nitric radical (NO₃⁻) is the conjugate base of nitric acid.
• In environmental and biological contexts: Used to describe compounds derived from or containing nitrogen.
  • Scientists are studying the role of nitric oxide as a signaling molecule in the human body.

Variants and Related Words

• Nitrate (n): A salt or ester of nitric acid, containing the anion NO₃⁻.
  • Potassium nitrate is used in fertilizers.
• Nitrous (adj): Containing nitrogen, especially in a lower (+3) oxidation state.
  • Nitrous oxide (N₂O) is sometimes called "laughing gas".

Synonyms

• Azotic (adj, archaic): An older term meaning pertaining to nitrogen.
• Nitrogenous (adj): Containing nitrogen (a broader, more general term than "nitric").

Related Phrases and Compounds

• Nitric acid (n phrase): A strong, corrosive mineral acid with the formula HNO₃.
  • Nitric acid reacts violently with many organic compounds.
• Nitric oxide (n phrase): A colorless gas with the formula NO, an important biological signaling molecule.
  • Nitric oxide helps regulate blood pressure.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. of or containing nitrogen
   • nitric acid

Từ đồng nghĩa

• azotic
• nitrous