nullification

/,nʌlifi'keiʃn/

Thân thiện

A judge signs a document of nullification in a courtroom.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • The act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something: This refers to the action of officially or legally rendering something invalid, ineffective, or without force.
   • The states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress: This is a specific historical and political concept asserting a state's claimed right to invalidate federal laws within its borders.

Usage Examples

• General Act of Invalidating:
  • The court's nullification of the contract left both parties without an agreement.
  • The nullification of the election results was demanded due to widespread fraud.
• Historical/Political Doctrine:
  • The Nullification Crisis of 1832 centered on South Carolina's attempt at the nullification of federal tariff laws.
  • The theory of nullification was used by some states to challenge federal authority.

Advanced Usage

• Jury Nullification: A legal concept where a jury returns a verdict of "Not Guilty" despite believing the defendant is legally guilty of the charge, effectively nullifying the application of a law in that specific case.
  • The defense attorney subtly argued for jury nullification, appealing to the jurors' sense of justice over the strict letter of the law.

Variants and Related Words

• Nullify (verb): To make legally null and void; to deprive of legal force.
  • The new agreement will nullify the previous one.
• Nullifier (noun): A person or thing that nullifies.
• Null (adjective): Having no legal or binding force; invalid.

Synonyms

• Invalidation: The action of making something invalid.
• Revocation: The official cancellation of a decree, decision, or promise.
• Repeal: The action of revoking or annulling a law or act of parliament.
• Abrogation: The repeal or abolition of a law, right, or agreement.

Antonyms

• Enactment: The process of passing legislation.
• Validation: The action of checking or proving the validity or accuracy of something.
• Ratification: The action of signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement, making it officially valid.

Related Phrases and Concepts

• Doctrine of Nullification: The political theory referenced in the definition.
• Act of Nullification: A formal declaration or action that effects nullification.

Học thuật

Noun

1. the act of nullifying; making null and void; counteracting or overriding the effect or force of something
2. the states'-rights doctrine that a state can refuse to recognize or to enforce a federal law passed by the United States Congress

Từ đồng nghĩa

• override