nén

Definition

Verb:
- To suppress; to restrain; to hold back: To consciously control or keep in check one's emotions, feelings, or reactions.
- To compress; to press down: To apply pressure to something to reduce its volume or to make it more compact.
Noun:
- A bar; an ingot: A solid piece of metal, especially precious metal like gold or silver, cast into a standard shape.
- A stick (of incense): A single slender piece of incense.
- A unit of weight: A traditional Vietnamese unit of mass, approximately equivalent to 10 lạng (about 375 grams).

Usage Examples

Verb:
- Cô ấy nén cơn giận. (She suppressed her anger.)
- Công nhân nén chặt đất trước khi đổ bê tông. (The workers compacted the soil before pouring concrete.)
Noun:
- Người ta tìm thấy một nén vàng. (They found a gold bar.)
- Anh thắp ba nén hương trên bàn thờ. (He lit three sticks of incense on the altar.)
- Mua một nén tơ lụa. (Buy one nén of silk.)

Advanced Usage

Technical/Mechanical Context: "Nén" is used in terms like khí nén (compressed air) or lực nén (compressive force).
- Hệ thống sử dụng khí nén. (The system uses compressed air.)

Variants and Related Words

Nén lại (v): To compress further; to hold back again.
- Nén lại cảm xúc. (To hold back emotions again.)
Nén chặt (v): To compress tightly.
- Nén chặt hành lý. (To pack luggage tightly.)

Synonyms

Related Idioms and Phrases

Nén bạc đâm toạc tờ giấy: Literally "a silver bar can pierce through paper," meaning money can overcome bureaucratic obstacles or that wealth can force a desired outcome.
- Câu chuyện minh họa cho câu "nén bạc đâm toạc tờ giấy". (The story illustrates the saying "money talks.")
Nén hương lòng: A metaphorical "incense stick of the heart," referring to a silent, heartfelt tribute or prayer.
- Thắp nén hương lòng tưởng nhớ. (To light an incense stick of the heart in remembrance.)

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noun

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