obsessive-compulsive disorder

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obsessive-compulsive disorder

A person with obsessive-compulsive disorder repeatedly washes their hands.

Definition

Noun: A mental health condition characterized by the presence of obsessions (unwanted, intrusive thoughts, images, or urges that cause anxiety) and/or compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts a person feels driven to perform, often in response to an obsession, to reduce distress or prevent a feared event).

Usage

This term is a clinical diagnosis used in psychology and psychiatry. It is often abbreviated as OCD. It describes a specific, recognized disorder and should be used with appropriate clinical context.

Examples
  • The therapist specializes in treating obsessive-compulsive disorder.
  • A common symptom of obsessive-compulsive disorder is excessive handwashing.
  • He was diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder in his late teens.
Advanced Usage
  • "Pure O": A colloquial term sometimes used to describe a presentation of obsessive-compulsive disorder where the compulsions are primarily mental (e.g., counting, repeating phrases silently, analyzing thoughts) rather than observable physical behaviors.
  • "OCD traits" or "obsessive-compulsive tendencies": Used to describe behaviors or thought patterns that resemble symptoms of the disorder but do not meet the full clinical criteria for a diagnosis, often to avoid trivializing the condition.
Variants and Related Words
  • OCD (noun): The common abbreviation for obsessive-compulsive disorder.
    • She manages her OCD with cognitive behavioral therapy.
  • Obsessive-compulsive (adjective): Relating to or characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder.
    • He has obsessive-compulsive tendencies regarding order and symmetry.
  • Obsession (noun): A persistent, disturbing preoccupation with an often-unreasonable idea or feeling, which is a core component of the disorder.
  • Compulsion (noun): An irresistible urge to behave in a certain way, especially against one's conscious wishes, which is a core component of the disorder.
Synonyms
  • Anxiety disorder (broader category): OCD is classified as a type of anxiety disorder.
  • There are no direct clinical synonyms for the full term "obsessive-compulsive disorder," as it is a specific diagnostic label.
Related Phrases
  • To have OCD: The common phrasing to indicate someone is diagnosed with the disorder.
    • It is important to remember that someone who has OCD is not defined by the condition.
  • To suffer from OCD: A phrase sometimes used, though many prefer "live with" or "have" to avoid overemphasizing suffering.
  • OCD behaviors / rituals / thoughts: Phrases used to describe the specific manifestations of the disorder.
Notes on Usage

The term "obsessive-compulsive disorder" is a formal medical term. Using "OCD" as a casual adjective to describe someone who is merely neat or meticulous (e.g., "I'm so OCD about my desk") is considered inappropriate and trivializes a serious mental health condition.

obsessive-compulsive disorder

A person with obsessive-compulsive disorder repeatedly washes their hands.

Noun
  1. an anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts and feelings and repetitive, ritualized behaviors