oliguria

Thân thiện

A doctor notes oliguria on a patient's chart.

Definition

Noun: 1. A medical condition characterized by the production of an abnormally small amount of urine. This is typically defined as urine output of less than 400 milliliters per day in adults. It is often a sign of an underlying health problem. 2. The symptom of low urine volume itself. It refers to the observable reduction in urinary output, regardless of the specific cause.

Examples

• The patient was admitted to the hospital with oliguria and elevated creatinine levels, indicating possible kidney dysfunction.
• Oliguria is a common clinical sign in cases of severe dehydration or acute kidney injury.
• Monitoring for oliguria is crucial in post-operative care to assess fluid balance and kidney function.

Advanced Usage

• Clinical Assessment: In medical practice, oliguria is a key parameter for diagnosing and managing conditions like sepsis, heart failure, or renal failure. It is often quantified (e.g., "The patient has an oliguria of <0.5 mL/kg/hr").
• Differentiation from Anuria: Oliguria specifically refers to urine output, whereas refers to a of urine production, which is a more severe condition.

Variants and Related Words

• Oliguric (adjective): Describing a state or condition involving oliguria.
  • The patient remained oliguric despite fluid resuscitation.

Synonyms

• Diminished urine output
• Low urine volume
• Reduced diuresis (medical term for urine production)

Antonyms

• Polyuria: Production of an abnormally large volume of urine.
• Normal urine output

Related Medical Terms (Context)

• Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): A sudden episode of kidney failure or damage where oliguria is a common symptom.
• Fluid Balance: The equilibrium between fluid intake and output; oliguria disrupts this balance.
• Urinary Retention: The inability to empty the bladder, which can sometimes be confused with oliguria but involves different mechanisms.

Học thuật

Noun

1. production of an abnormally small amount of urine
2. abnormally small production of urine; can be a symptom of kidney disease or obstruction of the urinary tract or edema or an imbalance of fluids and electrolytes in the body