oxyacid
/'ɔksi'æsid/
Definition
- Noun:
- An acid containing oxygen: An "oxyacid" is any acid whose molecule contains oxygen atoms bonded to hydrogen and another element (usually a nonmetal). It is a type of acid where the acidic hydrogen is attached to an oxygen atom.
Usage
- The term "oxyacid" is used in inorganic chemistry to classify and describe acids based on their molecular composition. It is a technical term.
- Example: "Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a common oxyacid."
Examples
- Noun:
- Phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄) is an important oxyacid used in fertilizers and soft drinks.
- Nitric acid (HNO₃) and carbonic acid (H₂CO₃) are both examples of oxyacids.
Advanced Usage
- Naming conventions: Oxyacids are often named based on the central atom and the number of oxygen atoms (e.g., "-ous" for fewer oxygens, "-ic" for more oxygens: nitrous acid HNO₂ vs. nitric acid HNO₃).
- Chemical behavior: In an oxyacid, the strength of the acid often increases with the number of oxygen atoms bonded to the central atom and its electronegativity.
Variants and Related Words
- Oxoacid: This is a synonym for "oxyacid." The terms are used interchangeably in modern chemistry.
- Ternary acid: Another term sometimes used for oxyacids, highlighting they contain three different elements: hydrogen, oxygen, and a central nonmetal.
Synonyms
- Oxoacid: An acid containing oxygen, synonymous with oxyacid.
- Ternary acid: An acid composed of three different elements.
Related Phrases / Terminology
- Polyprotic oxyacid: An oxyacid that can donate more than one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule (e.g., sulfuric acid, H₂SO₄).
- Oxyanion: The conjugate base of an oxyacid, formed when the oxyacid donates a proton (e.g., sulfate SO₄²⁻ from sulfuric acid).
Noun
-
any acid that contains oxygen
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