pentoxide
Definition
Noun: A chemical compound that is an oxide containing exactly five oxygen atoms in each of its molecules.
Examples
- Noun:
- Dinitrogen pentoxide is a common laboratory reagent.
- Phosphorus pentoxide is a powerful dehydrating agent used in chemical synthesis.
Advanced Usage
- In chemical nomenclature, the prefix "penta-" indicates five, and "-oxide" indicates a compound of oxygen. Therefore, "pentoxide" systematically names oxides with a 5:1 ratio of oxygen atoms to the other element(s) in the basic molecular unit.
- The formula for arsenic pentoxide is As₂O₁₀, which can be simplified to the empirical formula As₂O₅.
Variants and Related Words
- Dioxide (n): an oxide containing two oxygen atoms per molecule.
- Trioxide (n): an oxide containing three oxygen atoms per molecule.
- Tetroxide (n): an oxide containing four oxygen atoms per molecule.
Synonyms
- Pentaoxide: An alternative, less common spelling for the same class of compounds.
Notes on Meaning
- The term is specific to chemistry. It does not refer to a mixture or a substance with a variable composition, but to a distinct compound with a defined molecular structure containing five oxygen atoms.
- The other element(s) in the pentoxide can be a single nonmetal (e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen) or a combination of elements.
Noun
-
an oxide containing five atoms of oxygen in the molecule
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