Definition

1. Adverb:
   • In a manner marked by or suffering from extreme poverty; stingily, miserly: The word "penuriously" describes an action done in a way that shows a severe lack of money or an unwillingness to spend it, characterized by extreme frugality or meanness.

Usage and Examples

• Adverb:
  • After losing his job, he was forced to live penuriously, skipping meals to save money.
  • The old millionaire counted every penny and spent penuriously, despite his vast wealth.
  • They managed their limited budget penuriously, reusing and repairing items until they fell apart.

Advanced Usage

• "to exist penuriously": to live in a state of severe financial constraint.
  • Many artists in the city exist penuriously while pursuing their passion.
• "to hoard penuriously": to save or store things in an excessively miserly way.
  • He penuriously hoarded every coin, refusing to contribute to any charity.

Variants and Related Words

• Penurious (adj): extremely poor; poverty-stricken OR stingy; miserly.
  • They lived in penurious conditions. (They lived in very poor conditions.)
  • He was penurious with his compliments. (He was very stingy with his compliments.)
• Penury (n): extreme poverty; destitution.
  • The war reduced the population to a state of penury.

Synonyms

• Miserably (in the context of poverty): in a wretchedly poor manner.
• Stingily: in a mean, ungenerous way.
• Parsimoniously: in an excessively frugal or economical manner.
• Meagerly: in a scanty or inadequate way.

Antonyms

• Lavishly: in a sumptuously rich, generous, or extravagant way.
• Generously: in a liberal, kind, and giving manner.
• Abundantly: in large quantities; plentifully.

Related Idioms and Phrases

• To pinch pennies: to be extremely careful with money, often to the point of stinginess. (This idiom conveys a similar meaning to acting penuriously.)
  • They had to pinch pennies just to afford the rent.
• To live on a shoestring: to live with a very small amount of money.
  • After graduation, we lived on a shoestring for a few years.

Adverb

1. in a penurious manner
   • they lived penuriously