Definition

1. Noun (Danh từ):
   • Cell division: The biological process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells. This is a fundamental process for growth, development, and reproduction in living organisms.
   • Mitosis/Meiosis: Specifically refers to the stages of nuclear division in eukaryotic cells, including mitosis (for somatic cell division) and meiosis (for gamete formation).

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • Quá trình phân bào là cơ sở của sự sinh trưởng. (The process of cell division is the basis of growth.)
  • Các nhà khoa học đang nghiên cứu sự kiểm soát phân bào. (Scientists are studying the control of cell division.)
  • Rối loạn phân bào có thể dẫn đến bệnh tật. (Disordered cell division can lead to disease.)

Advanced Usage

• "phân bào nguyên nhiễm": Mitosis. Refers to the division of a cell nucleus resulting in two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
  • Phân bào nguyên nhiễm giúp cơ thể tăng trưởng. (Mitosis helps the body grow.)
• "phân bào giảm nhiễm": Meiosis. Refers to the specialized cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, producing gametes (sperm and egg cells).
  • Phân bào giảm nhiễm xảy ra để tạo ra giao tử. (Meiosis occurs to produce gametes.)
• "sự phân bào": The act or process of cell division. Often used interchangeably with "phân bào" but can emphasize the process itself.
  • Sự phân bào đang diễn ra trong phôi. (Cell division is taking place in the embryo.)

Variants and Related Words

• Nguyên phân (n): Mitosis. A direct synonym for "phân bào nguyên nhiễm".
• Giảm phân (n): Meiosis. A direct synonym for "phân bào giảm nhiễm".
• Tế bào (n): Cell. The basic structural and functional unit from which division occurs.
• Chia tế bào: A more general or descriptive phrase for cell division.

Synonyms

• Sự chia tế bào: Cell division (a more descriptive synonym).
• Quá trình phân chia tế bào: The process of cell division.

Notes on Different Meanings

• The word "phân bào" is a specialized term in biology. It should not be confused with the archaic, literary homonym found in some dictionaries meaning "to part ways while holding each other's coat flaps," which is obsolete in modern usage. In contemporary Vietnamese, especially in academic and scientific contexts, "phân bào" exclusively refers to cell division.

1. (sinh học) Cellular division