phù trầm
Definition
- Adjective:
- Full of ups and downs; full of vicissitudes: Describes a life, fate, or existence marked by frequent and significant changes in fortune, alternating between good and bad periods. It conveys a sense of instability and unpredictability over time.
Usage Examples
- Adjective:
- Thân thế phù trầm. (A destiny full of vicissitudes.)
- Cuộc đời ông ấy thật phù trầm. (His life has been full of ups and downs.)
- Số phận phù trầm của một nghệ sĩ tài hoa. (The checkered fate of a talented artist.)
Advanced Usage
- This term is considered literary and somewhat archaic. It is primarily used in written Vietnamese, particularly in historical, biographical, or poetic contexts to describe a turbulent personal history or the fluctuating fortunes of a dynasty or era.
Variants and Related Words
- Chìm nổi (adj): A more common, modern synonym meaning "up and down," often used in similar contexts to describe a turbulent life or situation.
- Một cuộc sống chìm nổi. (A life of ups and downs.)
Synonyms
- Vicissitudinous: Characterized by or full of vicissitudes (changes of fortune).
- Checkered: Having a pattern of alternating good and bad periods.
- Turbulent: Characterized by conflict, disorder, or instability.
- Eventful: Marked by interesting or exciting events, which can imply both positive and negative changes.
Related Idioms
- Bể dâu (literally "mulberry fields turning into a sea"): An idiom denoting great and unpredictable changes in life and the world, often used in a philosophical or poetic sense similar to "phù trầm."
- Cuộc đời bể dâu. (A life of vast, unpredictable changes.)
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Full of ups and downs, full of vicissitudes
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Thân thể phù trầmA destiny full of vicissitudes
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