Definition

1. Adjective:
   • Absurd, irrational: "phi lý" describes something that is contrary to reason, logic, or common sense. It refers to ideas, situations, or actions that are illogical, unreasonable, or nonsensical.

Usage

• "Phi lý" is used to express strong disagreement with the logic or reasonableness of a statement, situation, or action.
• It is often used in formal writing, debates, and critical discussions, but is also common in everyday speech to describe frustrating or nonsensical circumstances.
• It can be used attributively (before a noun) or predicatively (after a linking verb like "là" - to be).

Usage Examples

• Attributive use (before a noun):

  • Đó là một quyết định phi lý. (That is an irrational decision.)
  • Anh ấy đưa ra những lý lẽ phi lý. (He presents absurd arguments.)

• Predicative use (after a linking verb):

  • Yêu cầu của họ thật phi lý. (Their demand is truly absurd.)
  • Chuyện này nghe có vẻ phi lý. (This matter sounds irrational.)

Advanced Usage

• "một cách phi lý": in an absurd/irrational manner.

  • Anh ta cư xử một cách phi lý. (He behaved in an irrational manner.)

• "tính phi lý": absurdity, irrationality (the abstract noun form).

  • Tính phi lý của tình huống khiến mọi người bối rối. (The absurdity of the situation confused everyone.)

Variants and Related Words

• Phi lý tính (n): A philosophical term meaning "absurdity" or "the absurd," often used in existential contexts.

  • Chủ nghĩa hiện sinh thường bàn về phi lý tính của cuộc sống. (Existentialism often discusses the absurdity of life.)

• Vô lý (adj): A close synonym meaning "unreasonable, nonsensical." It is slightly more common in everyday speech.

  • Giá cả ở đây thật vô lý! (The prices here are so unreasonable!)

Synonyms

• Vô lý: unreasonable, nonsensical.
• Nghịch lý: paradoxical (implies a seeming contradiction, which may or may not be resolved).
• Bất hợp lý: illogical, unreasonable.

Antonyms

• Hợp lý: reasonable, logical.
• Có lý: sensible, justified.

adj

1. absurd, irrational