phosphorescence

/,fɔsfə'resns/

Thân thiện

The jellyfish glows with a soft blue phosphorescence in the dark ocean.

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A type of luminescence: Phosphorescence is a specific kind of light emission where a substance continues to glow for a noticeable period after the source of energy (like ultraviolet light or other radiation) that excited it has been removed. This persistent glow distinguishes it from fluorescence, which stops almost immediately.
   • The light itself: The word can also refer to the visible glow produced by this process.

Usage and Examples

• Noun:
  • The phosphorescence of the algae made the waves glow blue at night. (The persistent glow from the algae caused the waves to emit light.)
  • Scientists studied the phosphorescence of the mineral under UV light. (Scientists studied the mineral's property of glowing after the UV light was turned off.)

Advanced Usage and Notes

• Scientific Context: In physics and chemistry, phosphorescence is a photoluminescence process involving a "forbidden" energy state transition, resulting in a long afterglow that can last from milliseconds to hours. It is contrasted with fluorescence, which ceases almost instantly.
• Natural Phenomena: Commonly observed in certain marine organisms (like some jellyfish and plankton), minerals, and in manufactured materials like glow-in-the-dark paints and watch dials.

Variants and Related Words

• Phosphoresce (verb): To exhibit phosphorescence.
  • The hands of the watch phosphoresce in the dark.
• Phosphorescent (adjective): Having the property of phosphorescence; glowing.
  • We saw the phosphorescent trail of the boat in the bioluminescent bay.

Synonyms

• Afterglow: A glow that remains after the source of light or heat is gone, though this is a more general term.
• Luminescence: A broad term for light emission not caused by heat, encompassing both phosphorescence and fluorescence.

Antonyms

• Fluorescence: Luminescence that ceases almost immediately when the exciting radiation is removed.
• Darkness: The absence of light.

Common Collocations and Phrases

• Phosphorescence decay: The gradual fading of the phosphorescent light over time.
• Phosphorescence spectrum: The distribution of wavelengths of light emitted during phosphorescence.
• Display phosphorescence: Often used to describe the glowing feature of instrument panels or toys.

Học thuật

Noun

1. a fluorescence that persists after the bombarding radiation has ceased