phosphoric
/fɔs'fɔrik/
Definition
- Adjective:
- Relating to or containing phosphorus: Describes something that has phosphorus as a constituent or is characteristic of phosphorus.
- Specifically, denoting acids or compounds of phosphorus in its higher valence state: Often used in chemistry to refer to compounds where phosphorus has a valence of +5.
Usage and Examples
General Use:
- The laboratory ordered more phosphoric reagents for the experiment.
- Certain phosphoric compounds are essential for plant growth.
Specific Chemical Use:
- Phosphoric acid is commonly used in soft drinks and fertilizers.
- The sample was treated with a phosphoric solution to test for phosphate content.
Advanced Usage and Notes
- "Phosphoric" vs. "Phosphorous": It is crucial to distinguish between these terms. "Phosphoric" (with an 'ic' ending) typically refers to phosphorus in its +5 oxidation state, as in phosphoric acid (H₃PO₄). "Phosphorous" (with an 'ous' ending) refers to phosphorus in its +3 oxidation state, as in phosphorous acid (H₃PO₃).
- Technical/Industrial Context: The term is frequently used in industries such as agriculture (fertilizers), food and beverage (as an acidulant), and chemistry.
Variants and Related Words
- Phosphorus (n): The chemical element (symbol P) itself.
- Phosphate (n): A salt or ester of phosphoric acid.
- Phosphorous (adj): Containing phosphorus in a lower valence state (+3).
Synonyms
- Of or containing phosphorus: P-containing (informal/scientific shorthand).
Related Phrases and Compounds
- Phosphoric acid: The most common compound referred to by this adjective; a mineral acid with the formula H₃PO₄.
- Phosphoric anhydride: Another name for phosphorus pentoxide (P₄O₁₀), which reacts with water to form phosphoric acid.
Adjective
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containing or characteristic of phosphorus
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phosphoric acid
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