positivist

/'pɔzitivist/

Thân thiện

A positivist researcher carefully records data from a controlled experiment.

Definition

1. Noun:

   • A person who adheres to positivism: A positivist is someone who emphasizes observable, scientific facts and rejects metaphysical speculation about ultimate causes or origins. This philosophical approach relies on empirical evidence and the scientific method as the primary sources of knowledge.

2. Adjective:

   • Relating to or characteristic of positivism: Describing doctrines, methods, or thinkers associated with the philosophical system of positivism, which holds that authentic knowledge is exclusively derived from experience of natural phenomena and their properties and relations.

Usage Examples

• Noun:

  • As a strict positivist, she dismissed any theory that could not be verified through direct observation or experiment.
  • The debate featured a clash between the positivist and the theologian over the nature of truth.

• Adjective:

  • His positivist approach to sociology insisted on applying the same rigorous methods used in the natural sciences.
  • The positivist doctrine was influential in shaping early 20th-century scientific thought.

Advanced Usage

• Logical positivist: A member of a later, more formal school of thought (logical positivism or logical empiricism) that emphasized verifiability as the criterion for meaningful statements.
  • The logical positivist argued that statements about ethics were merely expressions of emotion, not factual claims.

Variants and Related Words

• Positivism (n): The philosophical system that forms the basis of a positivist's beliefs.
  • Comte is considered the founder of positivism.
• Positivistic (adj): An alternative adjective form meaning the same as 'positivist' (adjective).
  • His positivistic worldview left no room for spiritual explanations.

Synonyms

• Empiricist: A person who believes that knowledge comes primarily from sensory experience.
• Logical empiricist: Specifically for the later, analytic tradition of positivism.

Related Phrases and Idioms

• Positivist stance/outlook: A way of thinking or a position characterized by positivist principles.
  • The researcher's positivist stance was evident in her meticulously data-driven analysis.

Học thuật

Adjective

1. of or relating to positivism
   • positivist thinkers
   • positivist doctrine
   • positive philosophy

Noun

1. someone who emphasizes observable facts and excludes metaphysical speculation about origins or ultimate causes

Từ đồng nghĩa

• positivistic
• positive
• rationalist