puritanism

/'pjuəritənizm/

Thân thiện

Definition

1. Noun:
   • A strictness and austerity in conduct and religion: "Puritanism" refers to a personal or societal emphasis on moral rigor, strictness, and simplicity, often in religious matters.
   • The beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans: Specifically, it denotes the doctrines and behaviors of the 16th- and 17th-century English Protestants who sought to "purify" the Church of England of perceived Roman Catholic elements, emphasizing a plain lifestyle and strict moral code.

Usage Examples

• Noun:
  • His personal puritanism led him to avoid all forms of luxury and entertainment.
  • The historical movement of Puritanism had a profound impact on the social and legal structures of New England.

Advanced Usage

• Used figuratively: The term is often used in a modern, non-historical context to describe any attitude or policy perceived as excessively strict or morally rigid.
  • The company's puritanism regarding internet use frustrated employees who felt treated like children.

Variants and Related Words

• Puritan (noun): A member or supporter of the historical Puritan movement; (adjective): Having the characteristics of a Puritan, such as strict morality.
  • She was a Puritan who fled religious persecution.
  • He holds rather puritan views on modern art.
• Puritanical (adjective): Often used pejoratively to describe someone or something as rigidly and excessively moralistic.
  • His puritanical aunt disapproved of dancing.

Synonyms

• Austerity: Severe simplicity.
• Asceticism: Rigorous self-denial and avoidance of pleasure for religious or spiritual reasons.
• Moral rigorism: Strict adherence to moral principles.

Related Idioms

• While not a direct idiom, the phrase "a puritan work ethic" is commonly used to describe a strong belief in the moral value of hard work, discipline, and frugality, often associated with Puritan influence.
  • The startup's culture was driven by a puritan work ethic, with long hours and few perks.

Học thuật

Noun

1. strictness and austerity in conduct and religion
2. the beliefs and practices characteristic of Puritans (most of whom were Calvinists who wished to purify the Church of England of its Catholic aspects)

Từ đồng nghĩa

• puritanism