reflex
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
Noun:
- An automatic, instinctive, and unlearned physiological response to a specific stimulus. A reflex is a rapid, involuntary action performed by the nervous system without conscious thought.
Adjective (less common):
- Describing an action or process that is involuntary and occurs without conscious control.
Examples of Usage
Noun:
- The doctor tested my reflex by tapping my knee with a small hammer.
- Sneezing is a protective reflex triggered by irritation in the nasal passages.
- The reflex of pulling your hand away from a hot surface happens before you feel the pain.
Adjective:
- The reflex action saved her from falling.
- He gave a reflex response to the loud noise.
Advanced Usage
- Conditioned Reflex: A learned or acquired automatic response to a stimulus that was originally neutral. This is based on the work of Ivan Pavlov.
- The dog salivating at the sound of a bell is a classic example of a conditioned reflex.
- Reflex Arc: The neural pathway that mediates a reflex action.
- A simple reflex arc involves a sensory neuron, an interneuron, and a motor neuron.
Variants and Related Words
- Reflexive (Adjective): Done without conscious thought; involuntary. Often used interchangeably with the adjective form of "reflex."
- She gave a reflexive jerk of her head.
- Reflexivity (Noun): The quality of being reflexive.
- Reflexology (Noun): A system of massage used to relieve tension and treat illness, based on the theory that there are reflex points on the feet, hands, and head linked to every part of the body.
Synonyms
- Noun: Automatic response, involuntary reaction, instinct, instinctive reaction.
- Adjective: Automatic, involuntary, instinctive, mechanical.
Related Phrases
- Gag Reflex: The involuntary contraction of the back of the throat, often triggered by touching the soft palate.
- The dentist was careful not to trigger my gag reflex.
- Knee-Jerk Reflex (or Patellar Reflex): The involuntary kick of the lower leg when the tendon below the kneecap is tapped. Often used figuratively to describe an automatic, unthinking reaction.
- His knee-jerk reflex to any criticism is to become defensive.
- Startle Reflex: An automatic reaction to a sudden, unexpected stimulus, such as a loud noise.
- The baby's startle reflex is perfectly normal.
Adjective
- without volition or conscious control
- the automatic shrinking of the pupils of the eye in strong light
- a reflex knee jerk
- sneezing is reflexive
Noun
- an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus